Verse 4: What do I need to know about causality?

dṛṣṭam-anumānam-āpta-vacanaṃ ca sarva-pramāṇa-siddhatvāt |
tri-vidhaṃ pramāṇam-iṣṭaṃ prameya-siddhiḥ pramāṇāt-hi ||

pramāṇa – right cognition
dṛṣṭa – seen
anumāna – inference
āpta – a credible source
vacana – speech (testimony)
siddhi – accomplishment

Since causality emerges from cognition, I need to discern between right and wrong cognition.

1. There is right cognition and wrong cognition.
2. There are three kinds of right cognition.
3. They are direct perception, inference and trust-worthy teachings (valid testimony).
4. Other means of right cognition can be understood and expressed using only these three. Therefore, these three fully encompass right cognition.
5. They are the only means to arrive at proofs.
6. Anything that is not right cognition is wrong cognition.